Explanation: The Thar Coalfield in the Tharparkar district of Sindh is the largest coal reserve in Pakistan and the 16th largest in the world. It contains lignite coal. The government and Chinese companies are developing it for power generation to reduce energy shortages.
102
Identify the smallest Civil Award:
✅ Correct Answer:Tamgha-e-Khidmat
Explanation: The hierarchy of Civil Awards in descending order is: Nishan, Hilal, Sitara, and Tamgha. Therefore, Tamgha (Medal) is the lowest tier among these categories. 'Tamgha-e-Khidmat' is awarded for services rendered to the state.
103
Who was the Viceroy during the Partition of Bengal (1905)?
✅ Correct Answer:Lord Curzon
Explanation: Lord Curzon was the Viceroy of India who ordered the Partition of Bengal in 1905. He argued it was for administrative efficiency, but nationalists saw it as a 'divide and rule' tactic. The partition created a Muslim-majority province in the East, which benefitted Muslims.
104
Total number of amendments in 1973 Constitution so far (approx)?
✅ Correct Answer:26
Explanation: As of 2024, there have been 26 amendments to the Constitution of Pakistan. The 25th Amendment (2018) merged FATA with KP. The 26th Amendment was related to the increase in seats. The exact number updates as parliament passes new bills, but 26 is the current significant count.
105
Which province is called 'Bab-ul-Islam'?
✅ Correct Answer:Sindh
Explanation: Sindh is known as Bab-ul-Islam (Gateway of Islam) because it was the first region in the Indian subcontinent to be conquered by Muslims. Muhammad bin Qasim, an Arab general, conquered Sindh in 712 AD, introducing Islam to the region.
106
When did Pakistan win the Hockey World Cup for the last time?
✅ Correct Answer:1994
Explanation: Pakistan won its fourth and last Hockey World Cup in 1994 in Sydney, Australia. They defeated the Netherlands in the final on penalty strokes. Pakistan is the most successful team in World Cup history with 4 titles (1971, 1978, 1982, 1994).
107
The oldest barrage on Indus River is:
✅ Correct Answer:Sukkur
Explanation: Sukkur Barrage (Lloyd Barrage) is the oldest barrage on the Indus River, completed in 1932. It was an engineering marvel of its time and provides water to the world's largest unified irrigation network. It irrigates the fertile lands of Sindh.
108
Which gas field was discovered in 1952?
✅ Correct Answer:Sui
Explanation: Natural gas was discovered at Sui in Balochistan (Dera Bugti district) in 1952. It was a massive discovery that became the primary source of energy for Pakistan's industries and households. 'Sui Gas' became synonymous with natural gas in Pakistan.
109
Aligarh Anglo-Oriental College became a University in:
✅ Correct Answer:1920
Explanation: The Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental (MAO) College, founded by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan in 1877 (school in 1875), was granted the status of a University in 1920. Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) became the intellectual center for the Pakistan Movement, producing many Muslim leaders.
110
Who was the third Governor General of Pakistan?
✅ Correct Answer:Ghulam Muhammad
Explanation: Malik Ghulam Muhammad was the third Governor General of Pakistan, serving from 1951 to 1955. He was a bureaucrat and financier who became powerful after Liaquat Ali Khan's death. He is known for dismissing Prime Minister Khawaja Nazimuddin and dissolving the Constituent Assembly.
111
Which river flows through Balochistan?
✅ Correct Answer:Hingol River
Explanation: The Hingol River is the longest river in Balochistan. It flows through the Makran coastal region and empties into the Arabian Sea. It passes through the Hingol National Park. Other major rivers in Balochistan include the Porali, Dasht, and Hub rivers. They are mostly seasonal.
112
The first capital of British India before Delhi was:
✅ Correct Answer:Calcutta
Explanation: Calcutta (Kolkata) was the capital of British India until 1911. The capital was shifted to Delhi in 1911 because Delhi was centrally located and had a historical significance as the seat of power for previous empires (Mughals). The announcement was made by King George V.
113
Which city is the 'Heart of Pakistan'?
✅ Correct Answer:Lahore
Explanation: Lahore is affectionately called the 'Heart of Pakistan' (Dil of Pakistan) due to its rich history, culture, and liveliness. It is the capital of Punjab and the cultural hub of the country. A popular saying is 'Jine Lahore nai dekhya o jamya nai' (He who hasn't seen Lahore hasn't been born).
114
Who presented the 'Chenab Formula' to resolve Kashmir issue?
✅ Correct Answer:Various diplomats (Track II)
Explanation: The Chenab Formula was a compromise plan proposed in the 1960s and revisited during Track II diplomacy. It suggested dividing Kashmir along the line of the Chenab River: Muslim-majority areas north of the river going to Pakistan and Hindu-majority areas south of it going to India. It was never officially adopted.
115
Siachen Glacier is located in which mountain range?
✅ Correct Answer:Karakoram
Explanation: The Siachen Glacier is located in the eastern Karakoram range in the Himalayas. It is the longest glacier in the Karakoram and the second-longest in the world's non-polar areas. It is known as the highest battlefield in the world, where Pakistan and India have military posts.
116
The Mazar-e-Quaid was designed by:
✅ Correct Answer:Yahya Merchant
Explanation: The Mazar-e-Quaid (Jinnah Mausoleum) in Karachi was designed by the Indian architect Yahya Merchant. It is made of white marble with curved Moorish arches and copper grills. The design is a blend of traditional Islamic architecture and modern style. It was completed in 1970.
117
What was the official language of Pakistan in 1956?
✅ Correct Answer:Urdu and Bengali
Explanation: The 1956 Constitution recognized both Urdu and Bengali as the state languages of Pakistan. This was done to address the grievances of the East Pakistani population (Bengali Language Movement). However, English continued to be used for official purposes for a transitional period.
118
Which pass connects Pakistan with China?
✅ Correct Answer:Khunjerab Pass
Explanation: The Khunjerab Pass is the highest paved international border crossing in the world, connecting Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan) with China (Xinjiang). It sits at an elevation of 4,693 meters (15,397 ft). It is the strategic point through which the Karakoram Highway passes.
119
Who is the author of 'The Sole Spokesman'?
✅ Correct Answer:Ayesha Jalal
Explanation: Ayesha Jalal, a prominent Pakistani-American historian, wrote 'The Sole Spokesman: Jinnah, the Muslim League and the Demand for Pakistan'. The book analyzes Jinnah's political strategy and the partition of India, arguing that Jinnah used the demand for Pakistan as a bargaining chip.
120
The Rohtas Fort was built by:
✅ Correct Answer:Sher Shah Suri
Explanation: Rohtas Fort, located near Jhelum, was built by Sher Shah Suri in the 16th century (started in 1541). It was built to suppress the local Gakkhar tribes and block the return of Emperor Humayun (whom Sher Shah had defeated). It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its massive defensive walls.