Explanation: Pakistan (along with India) became a full member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) on June 9, 2017, during the summit in Astana, Kazakhstan. This membership allows Pakistan to cooperate more closely with China, Russia, and Central Asian states on security and economic issues.
122
Which crop is sown in Rabi season?
✅ Correct Answer:Wheat
Explanation: Wheat is the major Rabi crop in Pakistan. Rabi crops are sown in winter (October-December) and harvested in spring (April-May). Other Rabi crops include gram, barley, and mustard. Kharif crops (like Rice and Cotton) are sown in summer and harvested in autumn.
123
The All India Muslim League was founded in:
✅ Correct Answer:1906
Explanation: The All India Muslim League was founded on December 30, 1906, in Dhaka (now Bangladesh). The meeting was hosted by Nawab Salimullah Khan. Its primary objectives were to protect the political rights of Muslims and convey their loyalty to the British government (initially).
124
Who was the first Chief Justice of Pakistan?
✅ Correct Answer:Justice Sir Mian Abdul Rashid
Explanation: Sir Mian Abdul Rashid was the first Chief Justice of Pakistan. He administered the oath of office to Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah as the first Governor-General of Pakistan on August 15, 1947. He served until 1954.
125
Gwadar Port is located in which province?
✅ Correct Answer:Balochistan
Explanation: Gwadar Port is a deep-sea port located on the Arabian Sea at Gwadar in Balochistan province. It is a key component of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Pakistan purchased the territory of Gwadar from the Sultanate of Oman in 1958.
126
The tenure of the National Assembly in Pakistan is:
✅ Correct Answer:5 Years
Explanation: According to the Constitution of Pakistan, the tenure of the National Assembly is 5 years from the day of its first meeting, unless it is dissolved sooner. After the completion of the term, general elections are held within 60 days. The Senate, however, is a permanent body with 6-year terms for members.
127
Which Article of the 1973 Constitution deals with the 'Definition of Muslim'?
✅ Correct Answer:Article 260
Explanation: Article 260(3) of the 1973 Constitution defines a Muslim and a Non-Muslim. The Second Amendment (1974) added a clause to this article declaring those who do not believe in the absolute and unqualified finality of the Prophethood of Muhammad (PBUH) as non-Muslims (referring to Ahmadis).
128
The coldest place in Pakistan is:
✅ Correct Answer:Skardu
Explanation: Skardu, located in Gilgit-Baltistan, is widely considered the coldest place in Pakistan during winter. Temperatures can drop below -20°C. It serves as a gateway to K2 and other high peaks. The harsh winters freeze the lakes and rivers in the region.
129
Who wrote 'The Spirit of Islam'?
✅ Correct Answer:Syed Ameer Ali
Explanation: Syed Ameer Ali wrote the famous book 'The Spirit of Islam' in 1891. The book aimed to explain the life and teachings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to the Western world and clarify misconceptions about Islam. It played a significant role in the intellectual awakening of Muslims in British India.
130
The Warsak Dam is built on which river?
✅ Correct Answer:Kabul
Explanation: Warsak Dam is located on the Kabul River, about 20 km northwest of Peshawar. It was built in two phases with Canadian assistance. It is a mass concrete gravity dam used for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation. It was the first large dam built in Pakistan.
131
Which pass connects Chitral with Gilgit?
✅ Correct Answer:Shandur Pass
Explanation: The Shandur Pass connects Chitral to Gilgit. It is often called the 'Roof of the World'. Every year, the Shandur Polo Festival is held here at the world's highest polo ground (3,700 meters). The pass is flat at the top and surrounded by snow-capped mountains.
132
Who was the founder of the 'Dawn' newspaper?
✅ Correct Answer:Quaid-e-Azam
Explanation: Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah founded the 'Dawn' newspaper in 1941 in Delhi. It was established to propagate the views of the Muslim League and counter the anti-Muslim propaganda of the Hindu press. After independence, its headquarters moved to Karachi. It remains Pakistan's leading English daily.
133
The highest military award of Pakistan is:
✅ Correct Answer:Nishan-e-Haider
Explanation: Nishan-e-Haider (Sign of the Lion) is Pakistan's highest military gallantry award. It is awarded posthumously to members of the Armed Forces who have performed acts of greatest heroism or of the most conspicuous courage in circumstances of extreme danger. Only 11 soldiers have received it so far.
134
When did Pakistan leave the Commonwealth?
✅ Correct Answer:1972
Explanation: Pakistan left the Commonwealth of Nations in January 1972 in protest against the recognition of Bangladesh by member countries, particularly the UK and Australia. Pakistan later rejoined the Commonwealth in 1989 during Benazir Bhutto's government.
135
Identify the National Juice of Pakistan:
✅ Correct Answer:Sugarcane Juice (Gannay ka Ras)
Explanation: Sugarcane Juice (Gannay ka Ras) was declared the national drink of Pakistan by the government after a poll on Twitter in 2019. It is a popular, refreshing, and energetic drink available across the country, especially during the hot summer months. It is freshly pressed from sugarcane stalks.
136
The tomb of Jahangir is located in:
✅ Correct Answer:Lahore
Explanation: The Tomb of Jahangir is located in Shahdara Bagh, Lahore. It was built for the Mughal Emperor Jahangir, who died in 1627. The tomb is famous for its intricate interiors, frescoes, and use of marble. It is one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in Pakistan.
137
Which amendment restored the parliamentary system in 2010?
✅ Correct Answer:18th Amendment
Explanation: The 18th Amendment, passed in April 2010, removed the power of the President to dissolve the Parliament unilaterally (Article 58-2b). It restored the supremacy of the Parliament, devolved powers to the provinces (provincial autonomy), and renamed NWFP to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
138
Mangla Dam is built on which river?
✅ Correct Answer:Jhelum
Explanation: Mangla Dam is constructed on the River Jhelum in the Mirpur District of Azad Kashmir. It is the seventh-largest dam in the world. It was built as part of the Indus Basin Treaty (1960) to store water for irrigation and generate hydroelectricity. Construction was completed in 1967.
139
Who was the last Governor General of Pakistan?
✅ Correct Answer:Iskander Mirza
Explanation: Iskander Mirza was the fourth and last Governor General of Pakistan (1955-1956). When the 1956 Constitution was adopted, the position of Governor General was abolished, and he became the first President of Pakistan. He was later ousted by Ayub Khan in 1958.
140
The total length of Pakistan's Coastline is approximately:
✅ Correct Answer:1046 km
Explanation: Pakistan has a coastline of approximately 1046 km (650 miles) along the Arabian Sea. It stretches from the Iranian border in the west to the Indian border in the east. The coast is divided into the Makran Coast (Balochistan) and the Sindh Coast. Gwadar and Karachi are key ports.