Explanation: The Radcliffe Line is the boundary demarcation line between India and Pakistan. It was published on 17 August 1947 upon the partition of India. It was named after its architect, Sir Cyril Radcliffe. It divided the provinces of Punjab and Bengal.
82
Which vitamin is obtained from sunlight?
✅ Correct Answer:Vitamin D
Explanation: Vitamin D is often called the 'Sunshine Vitamin'. When ultraviolet B (UVB) rays from the sun hit cholesterol in the skin cells, it provides energy for vitamin D synthesis. It is crucial for healthy bones and teeth. Deficiency can lead to rickets.
83
What is the capital of Canada?
✅ Correct Answer:Ottawa
Explanation: Ottawa is the capital city of Canada. Many people mistakenly think it is Toronto because Toronto is larger. Ottawa was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1857 to be the capital. It sits on the border between Ontario and Quebec provinces.
84
The Nobel Prize for Peace is awarded in which city?
✅ Correct Answer:Oslo
Explanation: The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway. All other Nobel Prizes (Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature) are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden. This was the wish of Alfred Nobel in his will. The ceremony takes place annually on December 10th.
85
Which gas is used in electric bulbs?
✅ Correct Answer:Argon
Explanation: Electric bulbs are typically filled with chemically inactive gases like Argon or Nitrogen. Argon prevents the tungsten filament from burning up or oxidizing. If oxygen were present, the filament would burn out instantly. This gas extends the life of the bulb.
86
The largest desert in the world is:
✅ Correct Answer:Antarctic Desert
Explanation: Technically, the Antarctic Desert is the largest desert in the world. A desert is defined by low precipitation, not just sand and heat. Antarctica is a cold desert covering 14 million sq km. The Sahara is the largest 'hot' desert.
87
Who is known as the 'Poet of the East'?
✅ Correct Answer:Allama Iqbal
Explanation: Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal is known as the 'Poet of the East' (Shair-e-Mashriq). He was a philosopher, poet, and politician in British India. He is widely regarded as having inspired the Pakistan Movement. He wrote poetry in both Urdu and Persian.
88
Which planet is known as the 'Red Planet'?
✅ Correct Answer:Mars
Explanation: Mars is commonly referred to as the 'Red Planet'. This is because of the iron oxide (rust) prevalent on its surface, which gives it a reddish appearance. It is the fourth planet from the Sun. NASA has sent several rovers to explore its surface.
89
The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) has its headquarters in:
✅ Correct Answer:Jeddah
Explanation: The headquarters of the OIC is located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It is the second-largest inter-governmental organization after the UN. It was founded in 1969 and has 57 member states. The organization aims to protect the interests of the Muslim world.
90
Which is the smallest continent in the world?
✅ Correct Answer:Australia
Explanation: Australia is the smallest continent in terms of total land area. It is also the lowest, flattest, and driest inhabited continent. Sometimes it is referred to as 'Oceania' when including surrounding islands. Despite being a continent, it is also a single country.
91
'World Human Rights Day' is observed on which date?
✅ Correct Answer:10th December
Explanation: Human Rights Day is celebrated annually on December 10th. It honors the day in 1948 when the UN General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This document sets out fundamental human rights to be universally protected. It is a global holiday for human dignity.
92
How many members are there in SAARC?
✅ Correct Answer:8
Explanation: SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) has 8 member countries. These are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Afghanistan was the last member to join in 2007. The headquarters of SAARC is in Kathmandu, Nepal.
93
The capital city of Australia is:
✅ Correct Answer:Canberra
Explanation: Canberra is the capital city of Australia, not Sydney or Melbourne. It was chosen as a compromise between the two rival cities in 1908. It is a planned city known for its greenery and organized layout. The Parliament House of Australia is located here.
94
Who was the first person to step on the Moon?
✅ Correct Answer:Neil Armstrong
Explanation: Neil Armstrong was an American astronaut who became the first person to walk on the Moon. This historic event happened on July 20, 1969, during the Apollo 11 mission. His famous words were: 'That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.' Buzz Aldrin joined him shortly after.
95
Which is the largest continent by population?
✅ Correct Answer:Asia
Explanation: Asia is the largest continent both by land area and population. It covers about 30% of Earth's total land area. It is home to roughly 60% of the world's human population. The two most populous countries, China and India, are located in Asia.
96
The 'Durand Line' forms the border between Pakistan and which country?
✅ Correct Answer:Afghanistan
Explanation: The Durand Line is the 2,640 km long international border between Pakistan and Afghanistan. It was established in 1893 after an agreement between Sir Mortimer Durand and Amir Abdur Rahman Khan. It is a key geopolitical border in South Asia. It separates the Pashtun tribes on both sides.
97
What is the currency of Turkey?
✅ Correct Answer:Lira
Explanation: The official currency of Turkey is the Turkish Lira (TRY). One Lira is divided into 100 kuruş. The modern Lira replaced the Ottoman Lira in the 1920s. The symbol for the Turkish Lira was recently redesigned to look like a mixture of 'T' and 'L'.
98
Which country is known as the 'Land of the Rising Sun'?
✅ Correct Answer:Japan
Explanation: Japan is called the 'Land of the Rising Sun' because it lies to the east of the Asian continent. In Japanese, the country is called 'Nihon', which literally means 'sun origin'. The sun plays a vital role in Japanese mythology and culture. Their flag also represents the sun.
99
The headquarters of the United Nations (UN) is located in which city?
✅ Correct Answer:New York
Explanation: The UN Headquarters is situated in New York City, USA. It was established on October 24, 1945, to promote international peace. The building is considered international territory. Currently, the UN has 193 member states.
100
Which is the deepest ocean in the world?
✅ Correct Answer:Pacific Ocean
Explanation: The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth. It covers more than 30% of the Earth's surface. The Mariana Trench, located in the western Pacific, is the deepest point on the planet. It was named 'Pacific' (peaceful) by the explorer Ferdinand Magellan.